Control for systems using liquid under pressure



P 1934- E. N. WO'OLLEY 1,972,312

I I CONTROL-FOR SYSTEMS USING LIQUID UNDER PRESSURE Filed Nov.

25, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR WITNESSES Zdwmz/JUVM/[qy L6 BY vATTORNEY p 1934- E. N. WOOLLEY 1,972,812

CQNTROL FOR SYSTEMS USING LIQUID UNDER PRESSURE Filed Nov. 25; 1932 2Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTQR lzZiVoul/ey ATTORNEY L n I;

WITNES SES 5% 92m 0980 Figureiiis'an er'ilarg'ed detailed the viev ir 4?its been 'prqviue -whichWill takeu'theiiplace f- Patented Sept. 4, 1934ooii'rf'nori (For; SYSTEMS usnirdtloum. '1

@QQU n PRESSURE" v j Ed'wai-dfN; 'Wo'olley, Rochelle p i-inn. J.-Application November 5,1932, e timental).

" N "Y Z' CI aims. v (01.

This invention relates to controlling devices for water systems,sewerage systemsor any system: using liquid under pressure, the. object'being 'to provide an automatic control which will turn-f on and off thepumps used inmaintaining a given pressure in the" system; 1 r I.,AItheIObjBCt of the invention is to provide in a control system aplurality of "switches con-' trolled automatically whereby the currentis turned on and off as the pressure in the system 10 s, s varies, g rAnvadditional object,more"specifically,is to provide "in a-water-systernsf series of pumps for maintaining-the pressure in the-water system at adesired head,- l and control means for electric I motors used indr'i'ving the pumps g the control means tunctionin'g 'toturnonand oftcurrent as r the pressure increases-and"decreaseswithin o'erti inli itsna 1 In the accompanying rawings {Figure 11s a; diagram disclosing a"control 'emibodyin'g myinvenuony- 3 Figure 2 is -'an 'enlargedsectionalview l of part 0f 1 the Control structure illustrated at thelefticontact} ring' pr'ovmmg certain features offthe invention. Indifferentsystems}using?liquid funder pressure as, for instance fw'at'ersyster'ri' tor towns wind-particularly c mparauveiy mau:towns; 3-12-number of are-used to maintain-the' press sure at a givenhead: lAtthe-pumpingfi'station I one or more 1 attendant {are continually: watch-1" 'ing' the 'var'ious' chang'es fln pressure ot theg'wat'er mains, and"when thefpres'surejis reduced them attendant turns on more pumps{120-1130118888 ithe head or ater/and 'j-"wa1;er rea es 'Y of!onef'ormore id-maintain seemin tiness dthe'attend' 't urnsibn alndbmithe In the ipresent"inventionan utomat ontrol that whatever currentis turned'on team; of the 4A short stand-pipe: 1315 connected to n thepressurelin main: 3.=;A reducin valve is connected with the upper. endot; pipe 13, and :thro'ugh suitable connections is in,-free;communiication withmipe 16. :Pipe 16 maybe ,any fdesired =-km rur.pipe'iasyforinstance, a; metal pipe, and is zprovided with a flange}l'lizat, the; lower; end, as

water passes through-pipe 2 and may be pumped to cause tofiow'into'reservoir 1 under gravity.

An automatic control for the pumps supplying pipe 2 may be used, but forthepurpose of describing the invention thepartswill be described inregard to the maintenance of a desired pressure in'the water main 3which suppliestheentireto'wn or any given section thereof withwater.Pipes 4, 5 and fi'lead fro nthelower part of reservoir l to the watermain 3,'an'd suitable pumps 'i- 7, 8 and '9 are'interposed inftliesepipes,-said pumps being actuated by the respective electric motors 1Q;11; and12.- It will, therefore;'be seen motors, the pump with'which itis v connected vwill 1 function and "will pump water-from .the reservoir1 into the main 3 and .fromlm'ain3rthe water is distribute'diin theusual manner-through thetown or throughza section of the town.

mam

3 in the pumpingahouse, standpipe=i13 being of upper :end -.of pipe 13and, ,continuallyt-g-indicates shownin: Figure 12. This-flange ooacts-iwith the washer ":18:;Ior gripping the flange 19 ofthet U- ing members:21; are provided adiacentflflange 17 and: member '18; E iThesei membersare; preierably 't'eriaL'. provided :they: A 801; asj-aicushion betweeni the :zparts whereby the. various-1 bolts 22 m; be-

v'tightenediwithout appreciable-dan er of rearsandisprovide thegraduations '60 on this tube.

threaded'so as to receive the threaded ring 29, while ring 28 is slid onto tube 20 before the flange 23 is formed. As a matter of fact, bothrings 28 and 18 are slid on before flange 23 is formed, as otherwisethey could not be placed in position; The ring 27 has an aperturedextension 31 which is adapted to receive one end of a conductor 32, saidconductor being rigidly secured to the extension 31. A conductor 33 isalso connected to the extension 31 and extends to one side of thevarious switches 34, 35 and 36.

The fibre tube 25 is provided with a number of terminals 37 from whichthe conductors may? lead if desired. As there are only three pumpsdisclosed, only four of these terminals would be needed for thatpurpose, namely,'terminals 38, 39, 401and 41, but for a purposehereinafter described terminal 42 is used and also terminal 43.

As shown in Fig. 2 all these terminals extend into the tube'25 so as tocontact with the mercury 44 as it rises, which mercury completely fillstube 20 when the tube is not functioning and, consequently, extends fromflange 19 to flange 23. When the device is functioning the water, air orother medium in pipe 16 will force the mercury downwardly in the lefthand leg-of tube 20 and '3. As the pressure rises in the main the gage14 will indicate this fact and, incidentally the pressure in pipejlfiwill rise and force the mercury gradually upward in the right hand leguntil it enters the fibre tube 25 and passes upwardly to As shown inFigure 1, there are graduations-on the tube 25 fromten to seventyinclusive, said graduations indicating the pounds pressure in the main3. It is, of course, evident that after the attendant closes switches34, 35' and 36 he must Watch gage 14 so that when it indicates sixtypounds or a 'trifle more, he will open all the switches 34, 35

and 36 manually. When the mercurycolumn has reached the indication sixtyit will be in contact with all of the wires 45, 46, 47, 48 and'49.Current flowing from the supply or bus wire 32 will flow directly towire 33, and will'also charge the mercury colu'mnso that all thewires 45to 49 inclusive will be charged; After the switches 34 to 36 inclusivehave been opened, current cannot flow through these switches to themotors 10, 11

and 12. However, current will pass through wire 46 and thence throughthewindings of the magl net 50. From the windings of magnet 50 current willpass through wire 51, wire. 52 and then back to the negative supply wire53. This will energize the magnet 50 and'raise the armature '54 out ofengagement with contact 55, thus opening the circuit of magnet 56. Byreason of the current passing through the windings of magnet 50, themotor 10 is deprived of current and, consequently, the same will stop.While the parts iust described are functioning as set forth, cur-" theopposite side of motor 11 being connected by wire 69 to. the positivebus wire 32'. It will. thereforebenoted that current passing through thewindings of magnet 66 will deprive motor 11 of current. Current passingthrough wires 48 and 49 simultaneously will pass through the windings ofmagnet 70 and energize the magnet so as toraise armature 71 out ofengagement with contact '72. Current passing through the windings ofmagnet 70 will also pass through wire 73 to wire, or conductor 52, andthence to the negative bus wire 53. As contact 72 is out of engagementwith armature '71 current cannot pass through wire 74 and, consequently,the magnet 75 will be deenergized and armature '76, will drop down awayfrom contact 77. Armature 76 -is connected through wire 78 to one sideof motor 12, the opposite side of motor12 being connected by wire '79 tothe positive bus wire 32".

As current passes through magnet 70 it will cause motor 12 to be'deprived ofcurrent and therefore stop the pump associated therewith. Itwill also be noted whencurrent is passing through all of the magnets 50,60 and'70, all of the motors are stopped-and, consequently, all of thepumps are-stopped, which-action will take place when the pressure inthemain 3 is sufiicient to cause the mercury to rise up to the graduation60. After the pumps have stopped and water is used from the main, 'thepressure will gradually be reduced, and when the mercury column leavesthe graduation 60 it will break contact with-wire 49, but magnet 70 willnot be reenergized as there is suflicient current passing throughgwire48 and through resistance 80 to hold the armature 71 in its raisedposition; Current passing through wire 48 and resistance 80 isnot-suflicient to raise the However, if the pressure in the main 3 andconnected pipes is further reduced, the mercury olunm will be lowereduntil it is out of engagement 'withthe contact 42 connected to wire 48.-When thisoccurs magnet 70 is deenergized and. consequently, armature 71is allowed to more down under the action of gravity until it engagescontact 72. 7 when this occurs current will pass through contact 38,through wire 45, armature '71, and through this armature to contact '72,thence through wire 74, the windings of 'magnet '75 and wire 8l to theconductor 52 whichis connected to the negative bus wire 53. Currentflowing in this path will energize the magnet 75 and move armature 76 upinto engagement with contact 77. When this occurscurrent flows from theposltivebu's wire 32' to wire 79, through monected therewith will pumpwater from the resi '2 ervoir 1 into the main 3.1 If one pump is'sufllcient to maintain the pressure so that the mercury-will remainbetween the graduations 55 and 60, it will continue to function andnothing 'else will occur. 7

' ii i i? rou h heiw id hs' f m e tro? 'i lr H ure 'I will be raisedjorbreaking "theci'rcuit or 3o of 'eur'rent 'and the-circuits associatedtherewith would be closed so that motor wbuld begin .to"

function. i v r The three motors, each operating a pump, give themaximum service, and unless the three moa5 tors maintain a pressuresuflici'ent for the needs,

nothing could be done as the maximum results are being-secured in thepumping system.

. there should be a greater. supply of water demanded than the pumpssupply, pressure merely would decrease in the main 3 andpipes. con----nected therewith; When the large demandior water ceases the pressurein the main 3 would immediately build up and as the mercury columnpasses upwardly the circuit in magnets 50, 60-

and '10 would be successively closed and consequently the motors 10', 11and12 would be successively deprived of current. It is to be understoodthat'all parts just described will function automatically afterthesystemhas'pnce been started, and the hand operated switches 34, 35"

and 36 have been opened.

,It will be understood that thesystem is dew pressure drops below thispointQit would. evidently indicate an abnormal condition in the sosystem, such as a broken main. Therefore, the

stopping of the pumps will be desirable and this will naturallytake-place. .The pumps may be started-as heretoforefset forth and, ifdesired, the hand switches could be closed'and water pumped 5 into-thesystem, even though it was being wasted by being discharged through abroken main.

' The arrangement, of magnets 50, 6 0 and together with their associatedparts, and the arrangement of ma ts 56, 64 and present a de- 70 siredstructure, in that current of a given voltage. may be used, as, forinstance, 110 volts, or current having two voltages may be" used.-Where'tw'o obi gag; voltages. are being used, one will be supplied bythe wires 86 and 87 and will-act on magnets 50,

75 66 and 70, while the higher voltage, for instance,

' agne ,75 Thiswillallowarniatui e'76 15 move i a controlsystem;imagnet- 81 will befdeenergized and 1; spring-94i will quickly.move: the .armaturex 92 into engagement with-gcontact93;:1whereuporr-the;cir-

lcuitvof ztheialarm'idevicer95 wills-be :closed T This ficircuitrincludes. a; battery oridry cell 96, zwire -97 wire 98.' wire99- aridarinature'aQZ filldlCOlltZCt293.

. 3 400ior 500 volts, will be connected to the. motor fcircuits," whichcir'cuits are opened and closed -by-the respective secondaryswitches-58,65 and76. f 5 If for 'any' causebthe' pressure' 'shoul'd become too high'r pass 'upwardly to contact 43 current wnrpass *through alarm: device83, which: may

' be a bell; h The currentpas'sing'through the alarm v devicewill passrrom the :supply bus-wir'e 32 :1 through the mercury'; through contacts43- towire -84, alarm device-.83 and-wiref85, backto the'nega-. P tivebus wire 153;: The current used inthe. entire 'system is iedyfro'rn"the' main bus wires. 86 .and' 87- 88is '1ised t'o 'connectitheiibuswires. 86 and. 8'7ito the controli'systemk:Inaadditiorifwires 89 and .909

arefconne'ctedtothewindings oiimagnetillwhich holds the izarmature 92away fromzcontact :93. 3 If fr the-main supply 'wir'es :86z-and" 87:should; 'be-de tipr'ived of-scurre'nt from some? cause out'sideathe f t'swill thu's'; sbe seen; that alarm';.;device-: 83; -.will unctio'n: whenthe;-automaticsystemgiorisomeyunknown reasona-zfa'ilsato shuts 01f i the.ipurnpszvand the gragluation 50 armature 50 would be deprivedwhen'ithe'currentzfrom: the main supp'l iSILShUtFZ; 1101f rth'e (alarmi'device :95u1will functi0n. 5: If for any reason the hand switch'88 .isto be opened for some considerable time, apiece of paper or otherinsulatingmember is slipped in between contact 93 and armature 92 so asto.tem-. porarily make inoperative the alarm device 95.

By using, the control device of the character described no attentionneed be paid to the pumps, motors or other devices except the usualoiling, cleaning and repairs. Only one'attendant in a pumping stationwill be necessary andhis work will be more in the nature ot'a watchmanlistening for one of the alarm devices tofunction, as the parts-underordinary conditions will function dayv and night continuously and-in anautomatic man-1 ner 'for maintaining the pressure in the main 3 at thepoint determined by the engineers installing the system. I

If for any reason the automatic system should get out 01' order as,forinstance, by a broken wireilr;

of the switches 34, 35 and 36 to maintain the desired pressure in themain while suitable repairs are made. -Aiter the repairs have beenproperly made the manually actuated switches are usually! left closeduntil the pressure has caused the mercury column to reachthe'gr'aduation 60, though, if desired, they can be opened after themercury column has reached contact 39 connected with wire 46. 1?

Switch plugs 100, 101 and 102 are arranged in the feed wires of themagnetsfio, 60 and '70, and as shown in the drawings makev a directconnection, so that the respective wires 46, 47 and 519 are continuousfrom the mercury column to their? respective coils. However, these plugsare adaptor other cause, the attendant may close one or all 125 circuitfor eachelectric motor, and a secondary I'claimta 1. The combinationwith 'a liquid distributing system having a plurality of pumps formaintaining the liquid under pressure and an electric motor foroperating each pump independently, of

a control system including a tubular member connected with said liquiddistributing system, a-column of mercury in said tubular member adaptedto bev raised as the pressure in said system increases, a plurality ofcontacts carried by said tubular member longitudinally spaced thereonand extending to a point interior thereof so as tov be engaged by-saidmercury as it rises, a conductor connectedto each of said contacts, acircuit for the :lowermost of said conductors including the mercury insaid tubular member, a plurality of primary switches arranged inmultiple, there being the same number of primary switches as electricmotors, and a primary electro magnet in 1 the circuit of each primaryswitch, a secondary electro-magnet for each of said primary'switches,said secondary electro-magnets when functioning measure switchinterposed in each of the last mentioned circuits, said secondaryswitches being positioned to be closed by said primary electro-magnetswhen the-latter are energized.

2. The combination with a liquid distributing system having a pluralityof independent pumps for maintaining the liquid under pressure in saidsystem, and an electric motor for operating independently each of'saidpumps, of an automatic control system for turning on and oil saidmotors, said control system including a mercury column, means actuatedby'thepressure in said distributing system' for causing said mercurycolumn to rise and fall as the pressure in said system rises and falls,an independent secondary switch in the circuit of each of said motors; aprimary electromagnet for closing each of said secondary [EDWARD "N.WOOLLEY.

